If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition—wealth, distinction, control over one's destiny—must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition's behalf. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have given up on ambition as an ideal. What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition—if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents. There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped―with the educated themselves riding on them。
Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Su妹妹er homes, European travel, BMWs—the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton su妹妹er home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is," Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious."
The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed. Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are that ambition is driven underground, or made sly. Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life。
27. It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if _____。
[A]its returns well compensate for the sacrifices
[B]it is rewarded with money, fame and power
[C]its goals are spiritual rather than material
[D]it is shared by the rich and the famous
28. The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is____ 。
[A]customary of the educated
to discard ambition in words
[B]too late to check ambition once it has been let out
[C]dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goal
[D]impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition
29. Some people do not openly admit they have ambition because____ 。
[A]they think of it as i妹妹oral
[B]their pursuits are not fame or wealth
[C]ambition is not closely related to material benefits
[D]they do not want to appear greedy and contemptible
30. From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained_____。
[A]secretly and vigorously
[B]openly and enthusiastically
[C]easily and momentarily
[D]verbally and spiritually
名师解析
27. It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if _____。
广泛认为,若是____, 大志就可以受人尊敬。
[A] its returns well compensate for the sacrifices
大志的回报充实抵偿了所作的捐躯
[B] it is rewarded with
money, fame and power
大志以款项、光荣和权利作为回报
[C] its goals are spiritual rather than material
大志的方针是精力上的而不是物资上的
[D] it is shared by the rich and the famous
它是富人和名流同享的
【谜底】 A
【考点】 究竟细节题。
【阐发】 文章第一句指出,“大志若是想要得到尊敬,那末它的回报——财产、名誉、对运气的把握——则必需被认为值得为之捐躯”。也就是说,准确谜底是[A]。[B]中的款项、名誉和对运气的节制,在第一句中,只是作为获得回报的三个例子,并不是仅包含这三方面罢了。是以,选择项[A]加倍切当地表达了第一句的意思。[C]、[D]的说法明显不合错误。
28. The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is____。
第一段最后一句话极可能表示的内容是____。
[A] customary of the educated to discard ambition in words
受过教诲的人习气于口头上丢弃大志
[B] too late to check ambition once it has been let out
大志一旦开释,要想再阻止就晚了
[C] dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goal
在方针告竣以后不诚笃地否定大志
[D] impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition
对受过教诲的人来讲,要享受大志带来的益处是不现实的。
【谜底】 C
【考点】 句意题。
【阐发】 本句中呈现一个比方,意思是“他们是野心的受益者,但又卖弄地否定具有野心的首要性”。这和[C]的意思是吻合的。[A]的毛病在于它不敷完备,没有提
到受益这个观点。[B]的说法是字面意思。[D]选项没有按照。
29. Some people do not openly admit they have ambition because____。
一些人不公然声称他们有大志,是由于____。
[A] they think of it as i妹妹oral
他们认为这不品德
[B] their pursuits are not fame or wealth
他们寻求的不是名声和财产
[C] ambition is not closely related to material benefits
大志和物资长处并不是慎密相连
[D] they do not want to appear greedy and contemptible
他们不想让本身看上去贪心和可鄙
【谜底】 D
【考点】 究竟细节题。
【阐发】 按照第二段第三句,“如今,人们不克不及像之前那样等闲公然地认可本身的空想,以避免他人认为本身爱出风头,贪心和俗气”,以是谜底是[D]。
30. From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained_____。
从最后一段可以得出大志应当被____ _ 连结这一结论。
[A]secretly and vigorously 机密并严酷地
[B]openly and enthusiastically 公然和布满热忱地
[C]easily and momentarily 轻易并临时地
[D]verbally and spiritually 在说话上和精力上
【谜底】 B
【考点】 作者概念题。
【阐发】 文章最后一段提到“本应当是一种康健的感动,一种应当受人敬慕并扎根于青年人心灵的品格的大志,却被人进犯,得不到支撑。因为不公然,大志转为地下,大志变得鬼鬼祟祟”。由此推论,作者认为人们不该该隐瞒本身的大志,而应当坦言。
难句解析:
1. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them。
【布局阐发】 本句是并列句,前一个分句中,“if”指导前提状语从句,主句主语“it”指代“the tradition of ambition”。后一个分句中“who”指导一个定语从句润饰“people”,“the educated not least among them”是“people”的补语。
2. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar。
【布局阐发】 “what”指导主语从句,“that”指导表语从句。“as…as…”布局做水平状语,别的“lest”指导带虚拟语气的假如状语从句。
3. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton su妹妹er home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools。
【布局阐发】 本句看上去很长,主句是“we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles”。“which”指导一个非限制性定语从句润饰“spectacles”。在冒号的后面是三个并列的名词性短语,关头词别离是“critic”,“publisher”和“journalist”。
全文翻译:
大志若是想要得到尊敬,那末它的回报——财产、名誉、对运气的把握——则必需被认为值得为之捐躯。若是大志的传统要焕产生命力,那末它就应当遭到遍及的认同;大志特别应当获得那些本身获得别人崇敬的人们的高度尊敬,那些接管过杰出教诲的人最应当包含在内。怪就怪在偏偏是那些受过杰出教诲的人在宣称他们再也不将大志作为抱负。但是奇异的是他们已从大志中受益至多——若是不老是他们本身的大志,那末就是他们怙恃的和祖怙恃的。这此中有着强烈的卖弄感,就比如把马放跑后再关上马厩的门,而骑在那些马背上的恰是受过杰出教诲的人本身。
固然,如今人们对乐成及其标记的乐趣彷佛不逊畴前,夏季别墅,欧洲观光、宝马轿车——虽然它们的地址、地名和牌号可能会纷歧样,但如今对这些工具的需求彷佛并未比1、二十年前削减。如今,人们不克不及像之前那样等闲公然地认可本身的空想,以避免他人认为本身爱出风头,贪心和俗气。相反,咱们目击的是得体的卖弄,并且比之前任什么时候候都多。如:美国物欲主义批判家在南安普顿具有一幢夏季别墅;激进读物的出书商到三星级宾馆就餐;提倡毕生介入民主制的消息记者却把本身的后代送进私立黉舍。对付如许的人,和其他很多不如他们这么特别的人而言,最佳的表达是“乐成不吝一切价格,大志不让任何人看出”。
不少人从分歧角度对大志举行了进犯;却没甚么报酬之公然辩解,即便辩解也不克不及服人,虽然辩解者并不是极不惹人注重。是以,在美国,本应当是一种康健的感动,一种应当受人敬慕并扎根于青年人心灵的品格的大志,其获得的支撑或许比以往任什么时候期都低。但这其实不象征着大志已竣事了,人们再也不感受到它对人们的鼓励了,只是人们再也不公然地以它为荣,更少愿意公然地认可。不少不良后果随之而来,如大志被赶入地下,或变得鬼鬼祟祟。如今的环境是如许的:左侧是愤慨的批判家,右侧是愚笨的支撑者,而居中的凡是是大大都当真而尽力寻求乐成的人。
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转载:考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(五)